ex vivo

Ex vivo (Latin: “out of the living”) means that which takes place outside an organism. Ex vivo studies are conducted on functional organs that have been removed from the intact organism.

In science, ex vivo refers to experimentation or measurements done in or on tissue from an organism in an external environment with the minimum alteration of natural conditions. Ex vivo conditions allow experimentation on an organisms cells or tissue under more controlled conditions than is possible in in vivo experiments (in the intact organism), at the expense of altering the “natural” environment.

Unfortunately the PDF option doesn't print citations or any text that needs expanding. Will find another PDF solution another day - I've already lost half the day trying to get it to work. ~ May 9th, 2023

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